Yini Egcina Yamanje Ekuvuzeni Ngokusebenzisa Umoya Wakho Wezimoto?
Ngaphakathi kwawo wonke ama-motor kagesi, ama-winding e-copper aphethe okwamanje. Bahlala ngaphakathi kwezikhala zensimbi. Insimbi ihambisa ugesi. Ithusi liqhuba ugesi. Uma bethinta, ukuvuza kwamanje. Izikhindi zemoto. Ukusebenza kuyehla. Ekugcineni, injini iyahluleka.
Okuwukuphela kwento emi phakathi kwethusi nensimbi ishidi elincanyana lempahla ebizwaiphepha lokufaka ugesi kagesi.
Akubukeki okuningi. Ingxenye yemilimitha ukujiya. Sika ube yizimo ezinembile. Slayida esikhaleni ngaphambi kokuthi amawindi angangeni. Kodwa ngaphandle kwawo, injini ayisebenzi.
Lokho Okwenziwa Iphepha Lokufaka I-Insulation Empeleni
I-stator core yenziwe ngama-laminations ensimbi ahlanganisiwe. Ama-slots ashaywa kuwo. Unjiniyela ufaka ucezu lwephepha lokwahlukanisa endaweni ngayinye, eligoqwe ukuze lihambisane nezindonga. Khona-ke ama-windings angena. Khona-ke i-slot wedge ivala ukuvuleka.
Iphepha linemisebenzi emithathu. Okokuqala, ukwahlukanisa ugesi - yeka ugesi ukuthi ungagxumi usuka ethusi uye ensimbi. Okwesibili, ukuvikelwa kwemishini - vikela ama-windings ngokumelene nemiphetho eqinile yama-laminations ensimbi. Okwesithathu, ukuphathwa okushisayo - amanye amamaki asiza ukuqhuba ukushisa kude nama-windings.
Uma iphepha lihluleka kunoma yikuphi kwalokhu, injini iyahluleka.
Imindeni Yezinto Ezibalulekile
Akuwona wonke ama-insulation paper afanayo. Amamotho ahlukene adinga izinto ezahlukene. Okukhethwa kukho kuncike ezingeni lokushisa, i-voltage, ukucindezeleka komshini, nezindleko.
Ithebula elingezansi libonisa izinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izimoto namuhla.
| Ikhodi yezinto | Ukwakha | Ikilasi lokushisa | Ukujiya okujwayelekile | Kuhle kakhulu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-DMD | Ifilimu ye-polyester + i-polyester engalukiwe izinhlangothi zombili | Ikilasi F (155°C) | 0.15 – 0.35 mm | Izinjini ezijwayelekile, amathuluzi kagesi, izinto zikagesi zasendlini |
| NMN | Ifilimu ye-polyester + i-polyamide engalukiwe izinhlangothi zombili | Ikilasi F (155°C) | 0.20 - 0.40 mm | Amandla emishini aphakeme, izinjini zezimoto |
| NHN | Ifilimu ye-Polyimide + i-polyamide engalukiwe izinhlangothi zombili | Ikilasi H (180°C) | 0.20 - 0.35 mm | Izinjini ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ama-EV traction motors |
| Iphepha le-Aramid | I-100% ye-aramid fibers (uhlobo lwe-Nomex) | Ikilasi H (180°C) ukuya ku-C (220°C) | 0.18 – 0.50 mm | Ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ama-transformer, ama-motor esindayo |
| Ifilimu ye-Polyimide | I-polyimide yongqimba olulodwa (uhlobo lwe-Kapton) | Ikilasi H (180°C) ukuya ku-C (220°C) | 0.05 - 0.15 mm | Izinhlelo zokusebenza zodonga oluncane, i-aerospace |
I-DMD iyihhashi lokusebenza. Ihlanganisa amamotho amaningi ajwayelekile ngenani elifanele. I-NMN ingeza ukuqina komshini. I-NHN yengeza ukumelana nokushisa. Iphepha le-Aramid lengeza kokubili amandla aphezulu e-dielectric. Ifilimu ye-Polyimide eyezikhala eziqinile.
Ukuqonda Amakilasi Okushisa
Yonke into efakwayo inezinga lokushisa. Lokhu akukhona ukumaketha. Kungumkhawulo ohloliwe.
| Ikilasi | Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza | Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile |
|---|---|---|
| Ikilasi A | 105°C | Imiklamo emidala, izinjini ezingasebenzi kancane |
| Ikilasi E | 120°C | Abalandeli abancane, amaphampu |
| Ikilasi B | 130°C | Izinjini ezijwayelekile |
| Ikilasi F | 155°C | Amathuluzi kagesi, izinjini zezimboni |
| Ikilasi H | 180°C | EV motors, servo motors |
| Ikilasi C | 220°C | Ukusebenza okuphezulu, i-aerospace, umsebenzi owedlulele |
Ukukhetha isigaba esingalungile kuyiphutha elivamile. Uma injini isebenza ku-140°C ngokuqhubekayo, i-Class B (130°C) izohluleka. Ikilasi F (155°C) liyinketho encane ephephile.
Kodwa qaphela: isilinganiso sokushisa sisebenza ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu angase abe phezulu. Onjiniyela abahle bangeza umkhawulo. Injini esebenza ngo-140°C ngokuqhubekayo kufanele ithole ukufakwa kwe-Class H, hhayi nje Ikilasi F.
Amapharamitha Abalulekile: Ukuthi Ishidi Elicacisiwe Lisho Ukuthini Empeleni
Niniehlola insulation paper, imingcele eminingana yobuchwepheshe ibalulekile. Nakhu abakushoyo.
Ubukhulu.Kukalwa ngamamilimitha. Ibanga elijwayelekile lingu-0.15mm ukuya ku-0.40mm kuma-slot liners. Iphepha eliwugqinsi linikeza amandla aphezulu e-dielectric kanye nokuvikela okungcono komshini. Iphepha elincanyana lishiya indawo eyengeziwe yethusi, okwandisa amandla emoto. I-tradeoff isahlulelo sobunjiniyela.
Amandla e-Dielectric.Ikalwa ngamakhilovolthi ngemilimitha. Lokhu kukutshela ukuthi ingakanani i-voltage engakwazi ukuvinjwa yiphepha ngaphambi kokuphuka. Inani elijwayelekile le-DMD ngu-5-8 kV kushidi elingu-0.2mm. Okuphakeme kungcono, kodwa imfuneko yangempela incike ku-motor voltage. Ngenjini engu-400V EV, i-3-5 kV yanele. Kumasistimu angu-800V, i-6-8 kV iphephe kakhudlwana.
Amandla aqinile.Kukalwe ngama-Newtons ngobubanzi obungu-15mm. Lokhu kukutshela ukuthi angakanani amandla okudonsa iphepha elingathatha ngaphambi kokudabula. Okubalulekile ngoba iphepha liyagoqwa futhi lifakwe ngomshini. Izinyembezi zephepha ezibuthakathaka ngesikhathi somhlangano. Isikhathi sokuphumula siyalandela.
Ukwandisa ngesikhathi sekhefu.Iphesenti lokunwetshwa ngaphambi kokudabula. Iphepha elinwebeka ngo-10-15% lithethelela kakhulu ngesikhathi sokugoqa. Iphepha le-Brittle liyaqhekeka emakhoneni acijile.
Ukumelana nezinyembezi zomphetho.Kukalwe ku-Newtons. Iphepha liyagoqwa. Ukugoqa kudala amaphuzu okucindezeleka. Uma ukungezwani kwezinyembezi kuncane, iphepha liyahlukana emugqeni ogoqekayo ngesikhathi lifakwa.
Umhlinzeki omuhle uhlinzeka ngalezi zinombolo esitifiketini sempahla. Umhlinzeki ompofu uthi "ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zomkhakha" ngaphandle kokunikeza amanani angempela okuhlola.
Kungani ama-EV Motors ehlukile
Izinjini zezimoto zikagesi zishintshe imakethe yamaphepha okufakwa ngaphakathi. Izidingo ziqinile.
Amazinga okushisa aphezulu.Ama-EV motors asebenza ngokushisa kakhulu kunama-industrial motors. Ukupholisa okuwuketshezi kuyasiza, kodwa izindawo ezishisayo zisafinyelela ku-160-180°C. Izinto ze-Class H (180°C) zijwayelekile. Abanye abakhiqizi bathuthela ku-Class C (220°C) ukuze bathole imiklamo yesizukulwane esilandelayo.
Ama-voltage aphezulu.Izinjini ze-EV zakuqala zazisebenza ku-300-400V. Amasistimu amasha asebenza ku-800V. Amasistimu azayo azosebenza ku-1200V noma ngaphezulu. Izidingo zamandla e-Dielectric ziphindwe kabili. Iphepha elisebenze i-400V kungenzeka lingaphephile ku-800V.
Ukuchayeka kuwoyela.Izinjini eziningi ze-EV zisebenzisa uwoyela ukupholisa nokuthambisa. Iphepha le-insulation lihlala kulawo mafutha. Ezinye izinto ziyavuvukala noma ziwohloke emafutheni. Amaphepha asekelwe kwi-Polyimide enza kahle. Amaphepha asekelwe e-polyester angase abe nemikhawulo. Cela idatha yokuhlola ukuhambisana nowoyela.
Okuzenzakalelayo.Imigqa yokukhiqiza izimoto ze-EV igijima ngesivinini esikhulu. Iphepha liphakelwa kusuka kumaroli, liyasikwa, liyagoqwa, bese lifakwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Indaba yokungaguquguquki kwezinto. Ukuhlukahluka kokuqina okungu-±0.01mm kungaminyanisa isifaki esizenzakalelayo.
Izinkinga Zangempela Ezintathu Ezenzeka Kolayini Bokukhiqiza
Izinto ezibonakalayo zethiyori ziyinto eyodwa. Okungahambi kahle esitezi sefekthri kungenye.
Inkinga yokuqala: izinyembezi zephepha ngesikhathi sokugoqa.Umshini ugoqa iphepha libe yi-U-shape umugqa wesikhala. Uma iphepha linamandla aphansi okudabula, lihlukana emugqeni ogoqekayo. Ulayini uyama. Umsebenzisi usula i-jam. Ukukhiqiza kuyaqala futhi. Lokhu kwenzeka izikhathi eziningi ngokushintshwa kwezinto ezingezinhle.
Inkinga yesibili: ubukhulu bephepha bushintsha ngokuswakama.Iphepha le-Aramid limunca umswakama ovela emoyeni. Ngomswakama ophezulu, iyakhula. Ngomswakama ophansi, iyancipha. Umshini ulinganiselwe usayizi owodwa. Uma iphepha lishintsha usayizi, umumo ogoqiwe uyashintsha. Ukufakwa kwehlulekile. Abahlinzeki abahle bathumela iphepha emaphaketheni angangenwa amanzi. Izimboni ezinhle ziwugcina emakamelweni alawulwa yisimo sezulu.
Inkinga yesithathu: ukungcoliswa okunamathelayo.Elinye iphepha lokunamathisela linongqimba olunamathelayo olucushwe ukushisa ohlangothini olulodwa. Ngemva kokufaka, ukushisa kubopha iphepha ezindongeni ze-slot. Uma okunamathelayo kuphuma ngesikhathi sokugcinwa noma ukudluliselwa, kunamathela kumhlahlandlela womshini. Kuqoqa uthuli. Ukuqondanisa kuyahamba. Isixazululo siwukukhiqiza okuhlanzekile kanye namalayini akhululayo afanele.
Ungalicacisa Kanjani Iphepha Lokufaka I-Insulation
Nasi isibonelo sangempela sokucaciswa kwe-EV motor traction drive.
| Ipharamitha | Imfuneko |
|---|---|
| Okubalulekile | Iphepha le-NHN noma i-aramid |
| Ikilasi lokushisa | Ikilasi H (180°C) ubuncane |
| Ubukhulu | 0.25mm ±0.02mm |
| Ububanzi | Njengomdwebo ngamunye (ububanzi besikhala + 2x overhang) |
| Amandla e-Dielectric | ≥6 kV ukujiya okungu-0.25mm |
| Amandla aqinile | ≥150 N/15mm ekuqondeni komshini |
| Ukwelula | ≥10% |
| Ukuhambisana kwamafutha | Akukho ukuvuvukala noma ukubola ngemva kwamahora angu-1000 oketshezini oludluliselayo ku-120°C |
| Ukupakisha | Ubufakazi bomswakama, inkomba yomswakama ifakiwe |
| Isitifiketi | Ukuvutha kwe-UL94 V-0, i-RoHS iyahambisana |
Thumela lokhu kubahlinzeki abathathu. Qhathanisa imibiko yokuhlola abayinikezayo. Buza ngokuhlukahluka — iqoqo libe yiqoqo, gingqa ukuze ugoqe. Umphakeli ophendula ngedatha uyena okufanele amethembe.
Imibuzo Eyisithupha Ebuzwa Abathengi
Ngingakwazi ukusebenzisa iphepha elifanayo lokufaka ama-motor kuzo zonke izinjini zami?
Akuvamile. Amamotho ahlukene asebenza ngamazinga okushisa ahlukene nama-voltages. Ukulinganisa into eyodwa kwenza i-inventory ibe lula kodwa kuyakuphoqa ukuthi usebenzise impahla yezinga eliphezulu kunokudingekile kwamanye amamotho, kukhuphule izindleko. Noma usebenzisa izinto ezisezingeni eliphansi kanye nokwehluleka kwengcuphe. Kungcono ukufaneleka izinto ezimbili noma ezintathu futhi uzifanise nezicelo.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-NMN ne-NHN?
Isendlalelo esiphakathi. I-NMN isebenzisa ifilimu ye-polyester. I-NHN isebenzisa ifilimu ye-polyimide. I-Polyimide imelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Kumamotho agijima ngaphansi kuka-155°C, i-NMN ilungile. Ngokungu-155-180°C, khetha i-NHN. Umehluko wezindleko unesizotha.
Ingabe iphepha eliwugqinsi lihlala lisho ukufakwa okungcono?
Hhayi njalo. Amandla e-Dielectric akhuphuka ngokuqina, kepha ukulingana komshini kuba nzima. Iphepha eliwugqinsi lithatha isikhala ngaphakathi kwesikhala. Leso sikhala sasingabamba ithusi elengeziwe. Abaklami bezimoto bahweba ngokujiya kokufakwa kwe-insulation ngokumelene nokugcwaliswa kwethusi. Iphepha elincanyana livumela ithusi elengeziwe, amandla aphakeme, kodwa lidinga ukulawula inqubo engcono.
Iyini impilo yeshelufu yephepha lokufakwa ngaphakathi?
Kuya ngezimo zokugcina. Ekupakishweni kwangempela, iphepha elilawulwa yisimo sezulu, i-aramid lihlala iminyaka. Izinto ezenziwe nge-polyester zingase ziwohloke ngokushesha. Izingozi eziyinhloko ukumuncwa komswakama nokuguga okunamathelayo. Uma iphepha ligcinwe isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili, hlola isampula ngaphambi kokulisebenzisa.
Ngazi kanjani uma iphepha lomphakeli lihambisana?
Cela idatha ye-Cpk ekugqileni. I-Cpk engu-1.33 noma ngaphezulu isho ukuthi inqubo iyakwazi. Futhi cela imibiko yokuhlolwa kwe-batch-to-batch. Uma umphakeli engakwazi ukukhiqiza lokhu, abalawuli inqubo yabo.
Ingabe iphepha lokufakelwa lingagaywa kabusha?
Iningi liyi-thermoset noma i-thermoplastic ephezulu yokusebenza. Ukugaywa kabusha kunzima. Amanye amaphepha e-aramid angaphindiselwa emuva, kodwa inqubo ayitholakali kabanzi. Imboni igxile ekunciphiseni imfucuza ekusikeni nasekufakeni, hhayi ekugayweni kabusha kwangemuva komthengi.
A Inothi Ukuhambisana With Slot Wedges
Iphepha le-insulationimigqa izindonga slot. I-slot wedge ivala indawo yokuvula. Kumele basebenze ndawonye.
I-wedge icindezela iphepha endaweni yokuvula slot. Uma iphepha lithambile kakhulu, i-wedge izogubha kulo. Uma iphepha lishwabene kakhulu, lizoqhekeka endaweni yokuxhumana ye-wedge.
Kumamotho e-EV, onjiniyela abaningi babhanqa iphepha le-aramid nama-aramid wedge. Umndeni ofanayo wezinto ezibonakalayo, ukunwetshwa okushisayo okufanayo nokuziphatha kokusebenza. Kumamotho ajwayelekile, iphepha le-DMD elinama-glass-fiber wedges liyinhlanganisela efakazelwe.
Uma u-oda kumphakeli, cacisa zombili izinto ndawonye. Umphakeli angakwazi ke ukufanisa amasistimu wezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ngaphambilini:Azikho Izindaba
Thumela Uphenyo
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Sisebenzisa amakhukhi ukukunikeza umuzwa ongcono wokuphequlula, ukuhlaziya ithrafikhi yesayithi nokwenza okuqukethwe kube ngokwakho. Ngokusebenzisa le sayithi, uyavumelana nokusebenzisa kwethu amakhukhi.
Inqubomgomo yobumfihlo